| 
                     
                    CW
                       Abbreviations  
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     AA 
                 | 
                
                     
                    All
                    after 
                 | 
                
                     OC 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Old
                    chap 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     AB 
                 | 
                
                     
                    All
                    before 
                 | 
                
                     OM 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Old
                    man 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     ABT 
                 | 
                
                     
                    About 
                 | 
                
                     OP 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Operator 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     ADR 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Address 
                 | 
                
                     OPR 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Operator 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     AGN 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Again 
                 | 
                
                     OT 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Old
                    timer; old top 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     ANT 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Antenna
                            
                 | 
                
                     PBL 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Preamble 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     BCI 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Broadcast
                    interference 
                 | 
                
                     PSE 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Please 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     BCL 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Broadcast
                    listener 
                 | 
                
                     PWR 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Power 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     BK 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Break 
                 | 
                
                     PX 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Press 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     BN 
                 | 
                
                     
                    All
                    between; been 
                 | 
                
                     R 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Received
                    as transmitted; are 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     BUG 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Semi-automatic
                    key 
                 | 
                
                     RCD 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Received 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     B4 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Before 
                 | 
                
                     RCVR 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Receiver 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     C 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Yes 
                 | 
                
                     RX 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Receiver 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     CFM 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Confirm 
                 | 
                
                     REF 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Refer
                    to; referring to; reference 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     CK 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Check 
                 | 
                
                     RFI 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Radio
                    frequency interference 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     CL 
                 | 
                
                     
                    I
                    am closing my station; call 
                 | 
                
                     RIG 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Station
                    equipment 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     CLD 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Called;
                    calling 
                 | 
                
                     RPT 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Repeat;
                    I repeat; report 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     CLG 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Called;
                    calling 
                 | 
                
                     RTTY 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Radioteletype 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     CQ 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Calling
                    any station 
                 | 
                
                     RX 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Receiver 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     CUD 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Could 
                 | 
                
                     SASE 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Self-addressed,
                    stamped envelope 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     CUL 
                 | 
                
                     
                    See
                    you later 
                 | 
                
                     SED 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Said 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     CW 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Continues
                    wave 
                 | 
                
                     SIG 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Signature;
                    signal 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     DLD 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Delivered 
                 | 
                
                     SINE 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Operator's
                    personal initials or nickname 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     DLVD 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Delivered 
                 | 
                
                     SKED 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Schedule 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     DR 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Dear 
                 | 
                
                     SRI 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Sorry 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     DX 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Distance;
                    foreign countries 
                 | 
                
                     SSB 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Single
                    sideband 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     ES 
                 | 
                
                     
                    And,
                    & 
                 | 
                
                     SVC 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Service;
                    prefix to service msg 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     FB 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Fine
                    business, excellent 
                 | 
                
                     T 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Zero 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     FM 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Frequency
                    modulation 
                 | 
                
                     TFC 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Traffic 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     GA 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Go
                    ahead (or resume sending) 
                 | 
                
                     TMW 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Tomorrow 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     GB 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Goodbye 
                 | 
                
                     TNX 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Thanks 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     GBA 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Give
                    better address 
                 | 
                
                     TKS 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Thanks 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     GE 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Good
                    evening 
                 | 
                
                     TT 
                 | 
                
                     
                    That 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     GG 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Going 
                 | 
                
                     TU 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Thank
                    you 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     GM 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Good
                    morning 
                 | 
                
                     TVI 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Television
                    interference 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     GN 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Good
                    night 
                 | 
                
                     TX 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Transmitter 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     GND 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Ground 
                 | 
                
                     TXT 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Text  
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     GUD 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Good 
                 | 
                
                     UR
                       Urs 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Your;
                    You're; Yours 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     HI 
                 | 
                
                     
                    The
                    telegraph laugh; high 
                 | 
                
                     VFO 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Variable-frequency
                    oscillator 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     HR 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Here,
                    hear 
                 | 
                
                     VY 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Very 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     HV 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Have 
                 | 
                
                     WA 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Word
                    after 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     HW 
                 | 
                
                     
                    How 
                 | 
                
                     WB 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Word
                    before 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     LID 
                 | 
                
                     
                    A
                    poor operater 
                 | 
                
                     WD,
                       WDS 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Word;
                    Words 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     MA 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Milliamperes 
                 | 
                
                     WKD,
                       WKG 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Worked;
                    working 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     MILS 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Milliamperes 
                 | 
                
                     WL 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Well;
                    will 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     MSG 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Message;
                    prefix to radiogram 
                 | 
                
                     WUD 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Would 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     N 
                 | 
                
                     
                    No 
                 | 
                
                     WX 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Weather 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     NCS 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Net
                    control station 
                 | 
                
                     XCVR 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Transceiver 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     ND 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Nothing
                    doing 
                 | 
                
                     XTAL 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Quartz
                    crystal 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     NIL 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Nothing;
                    I have nothing for you 
                 | 
                
                     XYL
                       (YF) 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Wife 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     NM 
                 | 
                
                     
                    No
                    more        
                 | 
                
                     YL 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Young
                    lady 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     NR 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Number
                             
                 | 
                
                     73 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Best
                    regards 
                 | 
            
            
                | 
                     NW 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Now;
                    I resume transmission 
                 | 
                
                     88 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Love
                    & kisses 
                 | 
            
            
            | 
                     OB 
                 | 
                
                     
                    Old
                    Boy 
                 | 
                
                       
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